TopForward Special Silane Syntheses

The following syntheses still play an important role in addition to the Müller-Rochow direct synthesis of silanes: Addition reaction (hydrosilylation); Nucleophilic substitution; Grignard reaction. The purpose of all these syntheses is to incorporate organic functional groups.

TopForward Addition Reaction (hydrosilylation)

Silanes bearing Si-H groups can be made to add across double or triple bonds with the aid of free-radicals or catalysis involving noble-metal compounds.

When silanes containing vinyl groups, amino groups etc. have to be made, this is most often done with platinum-catalyzed hydrosilylation reactions. These are continuous reactions.

 

TopForward Nucleophilic Substitution

Nucleophilic substitution is used for swapping chlorine, alkoxy and hydrogen substituents. Phenylsilanes, for example, are synthesized in this manner. Unlike other processes, this reaction does not generate any biphenyl by-products.

TopForward Grignard Reactions

Grignard reactions lead to the direct incorporation of organic groups. This type of reaction is chiefly used in the laboratory because it is readily controlled and is highly versatile. It is also employed in the industrial-scale production of vinyl silanes.

The following overview shows how various organo-functional silanes are manufactured:

Silanes with certain organo-functional groups are used, for example, in the production of silicone rubber (one-component or two-component crosslinking agents) and of silicone surfactants.
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